CHAPTER ONE
1.1    BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The growing importance of the modern state of ensuring adequate provision for living and the need for economic growth in large part of the world have contributed to the entrance of the prestige of monetary policy as an important instrument of economic policy.
This write up examine and explain various monetary policy instruments that have been used in UK since the inception of the central Bank of UK which is the regulator body used by the federal government to regulate and control the money in circulation. The policies are designed in an attempt to change the trends of some monetary.
Variable in particular and direction so as to induce the desires behavoural change in the monetary authorities used policies in controlling some major macro-economic problems now rampart in our society.
One of the primary responsibilities of any government is to ensure that citizen attain a high standard of living, the monetary policies consist of action by government to help accusing economic objectives.
Some of these objectives are as follows:
i.    Full employment.
ii.    Rapid economic growth and development.
iii.    Price stability.
iv.    Equality and distribution of income.
v.    Stable foreign exchange rates.
vi.    Attainment of self reliance in the economy.
vii.    Correction of balance of payment deficit.
Any government whether a developed or a developing country economic objective which must be economic growth as to maintain the economy at its full potential output level, the improvement of the function of the economical by restraining excess demand and inflationary price increase from imposing real cost on society and the restraint off any tendency of the economy towards a chronic balance of payment disequilibrum. Therefore, in an effort to achieve these objectives, government have put in place a number of different policy tools such as monetary policy that is topic under discussion other policy tools are fiscal policy, credit policy, foreign trade policy and exchange rate policy.
The research work will also look into the instrument or weapon of monetary policies such as open market operation, interest rate, special deposit, reserve requirement, request and directions and finally given suggestion and recommendation on how these policies could be effectively used.
1.2    STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEMS.
Monetary policy has a major role to play in the Nigeria finance system and the economy in general.
To ensure efficient and effective growth in the economy monetary policy must be allowed to stay for a period of three to four years to ensure stable economy growth and enhance the control of monetary in the money and capital market.
The monetary policy when not in good planning and control will contributes to the inflationary trend of the nation economic although the performance sheet of the economy shows that economic is on good track but inflation rate continue to gallop for instance during 1999 fiscal year the rate of inflation stood at 15 percent, in year 2000, it’s reduced again to 0.9 percent at present it as shoot up to 5.5 percent.
These have contributed to the poor economic growth in stabilization in the market system. Inequitable distribution of income the above discussion shows that not allowing the monetary policy to last for longer period before introducing another current measure is a problem facing the economic of the country and also the regulatory body of the policy ought to take caution and exercise adequate economic skills aim at acquiring the best for the country.
1.3    OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main objective of this study is to indemnify the importance and impact or to evaluate the role monetary policy and its impact on the financial system.
And to examine critically the adequate of monetary in UK and the relate the general theoretic background and establish specific monetary policy indicated by the structure and character of UK economy.
In addition, it will also examine the historical potential of contemporary monetary policy in changing economic circumstance of Nigeria growing effort and possible prefer suggestions.