CHAPTER ONE
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
1.1    INTRODUCTION
Any organization be it private or government establishment is established to achieve a specific objective.
 Achieving the objective requires effective management. An organization does not exist in a vacum; it makes use of both human and materials resources to achieve set objectives and goals. Adequate uses of the available resources leads to efficiently performance. It is not, until recently that managers in organizations began to realize the importance of the human element in the achievement of set goals and objectives. The common elements in every organization remain the people. They initiate the objectives, ideals and ideas of motivations and the accomplishment for which organization are praised. People remain the most viable resources in an organization without them, organization cannot exist.
Personnel management is assuring an ever increasing role in the management of both private and public enterprises. Management of both types of enterprises are becoming more aware of the importance of human resources management in an organization.
Management of both type of enterprises are becoming more aware of the importance of human resources management in an organization.
The word management could be defined as a way of getting things done through people. It is also define as total utilization of resources in order to achieve pre – determined organizational objectives. Thus, management is used to designate other group of function or personnel who carry them out. It is therefore, act of planning, organizing, staffing, coordinating and directing the activities of workers to the end, that result could be attainable. More so, any organization whether profit or non – profit oriented requires good management in order to function well. Any person who oversees a firm is known as a manager, and it is his responsibility to ensure that every workers contribute to the development of the organization. To achieve this, he has to understand his workers well in terms of their social, emotional and physical needs.
Any organization that fails to achieve it’s aims often blames the management. Hence, the management may be accused of lack of initiative gross mis-management and all inaptitude  in the firm.
According,  to Peter Drucker, “rarely, if ever has a new basis institution or new leading groups, a new central functions emerged as fast as management since  the turn of the century”. And according to apply ( 1963), if management means getting things through others men then, management is nothing more than personnel management. The success of in business regardless of ones employing company , will depend to a great extent upon ones success in personnel . public personnel management :Longman contemporary dictionary of English defines public personnel as ordinary people who do not belong to government or have any special position in society. Public personnel therefore means, management of people working  in a public or management of  public human resources as distinct from the public financial resources.Personnel management talks about getting the caliber of men ,rights number of men at the right time and at the right place for the achievement of present and future organizational goals. The increasing attention accorded to personnel management of any organization influences real wealth of such organization. Personnel management is therefore, everything  about the human component in an organization.  It should be noted that it is the employees who determines what to produce( goods and services), the quality that may be require by the users, the mix of the differences, varieties of raw materials needed, when to sell and at what price. The limitation of idea about what to do , then how  to do it,  when and why it must be done is an executive decision  of human element in any society  or country. The discovery of mineral potentials, cultivation of hybrid crops, resources into yielding crops are few examples of what people can say without missing words, that is, no activities can either start or be developed without man. The importance of human resource in any organization can therefore not be over emphasized. The  success or failure of any organization largely depend on the effectiveness and efficiency of human resources. Personnel management is inevitable in an organization
1.2    AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The aims and objective of the personnel department in organization can not be over-emphasized, because through the obligation of the personnel department we know what role each of the organization human element is. Thus, the managing directors of a company and his co- executive, directors,  engineers, production mangers, accountants, sales managers and supervisors are all involved in personnel management. Personnel management play a great role in the development of any business firm due to provision of adequate data which is very essential for the improvement of an organization, under these objectives, we should consider the key factors which is very important for any organization in order to achieve its aims and objective.
These basic aims and objective of the study can be seen as the creation and maintenance of level of moral, which evokes the full contribution of every employee in the organization to ensure maximum operational efficiency in the firm. Not until recent the managers in the business organization realize the importance of  human elements in the achievement of set goals and objectives, further too much emphasis and attentive were focused on the material resources while less is paid to the personnel who utilize them.