CHAPTER ONE
1.1    INTRODUCTION
    Recently managers in organization began to realize the importance’s of human elements in the achievement of set goals and objectives. Rather, two much emphasis and attention were focused on the material resources (both Agricultural and Mineral Endowments) while less attention are paid on the workforce (human resources workers).
    However, there is swift shift in attention from material resources to human resources among few managers. Although, of all resources available to human an organization, people remain the most important, most valuable yet most complicated, least understood and most difficult to predict.
    Therefore “personal management” is primarily concerned with the study of the human resources available to an organization i.e. how to get the right people, at the right time and at an economic price to carry out some functions expected of them.
    Moreover, we can define personnel management as the management of people (human resources) at work.
    We can also define it as “the recognition of the importance of an organization work place as vital human resources contributing to the goals of the organization and the utilization of several activities and function to ensure that they (human resources are used effectively and fairly for the benefit of the individual organization and society.
    It is eth employees who determine what to produce (goods and services), the quantity that may be required by the users, what mix of the different varieties of raw materials needed, when to produce, where to sell and at what price.
    The basic or traditional functions of personnel department include the following;
1.    Job design and job analysis
2.    Manpower planning
3.    Staff or Employee Acquisition – Recruitment, Selection and Placement.            
4.    Job Evaluation
5.    Wages and Salaries Administration
6.    Employee Performance Appraisal
7.    Training and Development
8.    Industrial Relation and Joint Consultation
9.    Employee welfare (occupational health and safety)
However, modern personnel management performs other roles in the industry, which include motivation and organizational development.
Furthermore, personnel manager also deals with the human aspect of management. No study of management is complete without taking human behavior and attitudes into considerations. It is right said that “nothing is superior to man” not even the machine, computer robot or any other valuable.
PERSONAL MANAGEMENT
    Personnel manager who is the head of the personnel department is fully responsible for maintain and improving the human relationship between management and personnel (employees). Also, during a period of time an organization losses some off it employee through death, retirement, dismissal and other causes. These people have to replace. Besides as an organization grows it required more employees.
Therefore, the objective of personnel management includes     
i.    To attract and secure appropriate people capable of performing effectively the organization’s specific task.
ii.    To utilize the human resources effectively and efficiently.
iii.    To generate maximum individual development of the people within the organization.
iv.    The personnel department, headed by the personnel manager should be able to obtain capable heads through selection and should be able to visualize development in such recruited individual in the light of future higher position which to be filled by these recruits.