CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
Education is one parameter to see the level of the economy in a country. Education is the most strategic element for the development of a nation (Shofwan & Kuntoro, 2014). Education makes people more advanced in thinking about their lives; with education, someone will obtain knowledge, skills and attitudes that make life more empowered in society. Education is believed to be the mother of knowledge; one is made to agree that a well-educated society is likely to solve its problems with ease. The role of education to humanity could not be exaggerated after all. This is because it is believed to be connect ‟drug” that is used to head the ailments in the society. Ashmore, M.C (1991) Postulated that Education is seen as instrument of development in all ramification of our life.
Education as part of the total educational system is the type of education that involves the acquisition of skills, ideas and management abilities necessary for job creation. Proper education can only be gotten from a formal school. A formal school is an institution designed to provide learning spaces and learning environments for the teaching of students or pupils under the direction of teachers. Most countries have systems of formal education, which is commonly compulsory. In these systems, students‟ progress through a series of schools. The education pathway is divided into three categories: formal education, non-formal education and informal education. The formal education must accept education and use it in a useful way for teaching and influencing to achieve the social function active insertion of the human subject (Moldovan & Bocoş-Binţinţan, 2015).According to Bassey (2006) Formal education is a process of acculturation through which an individual is helped to develop his potentials and maximum activation in order to achieve self-fulfillment and happiness. The very purpose and main function of formal education is the development of an all-round and well-balanced personality of an individual.
Historically, Formal education known as western education was introduced in Nigeria in 19th century by the Christian missionaries. Although the missionaries had aims and purpose of introducing the education in the country. Odo, Ede and Ezike 2000’ 39) cited that return of slaves felt an urge to let their relation know of the western education they had tested while in slavery. The missionary education had the primary objective of converting Africans to Christianity in their religion. It was imperative for them to educate the Africans who could carry on the world of evangelization into the hinterland as they observed that most of the white could not do so due to the adverse whether and mosquito bites. They deemed it necessary to get interpreters such as catechist and people (Africans) who are capable of representing to their people (Africans).
Several scholars and many authors has opined that education has effected human development and community development. Community development, in essence, is building a community through sustainable physical and non-physical fields.Sustainability, arguably, is one of the strongest principles of modern life. From an environmental point of view, society is increasingly adding value to sustainable technology, processes and products (Vivoda & Kemp, 2019). This relates to the physical field regarding the construction of facilities and infrastructure, such as highways, and so on. Whereas, it is related to the non-physical fields in the form of education, health, and economy for a better life. In carrying out community development, it is necessary to prioritise efforts, namely in the fields of education and the economy in improving people's welfare. According to Sudarsana (2016), If education can be delivered well, especially non-formal education, then it is possible that the community will be able to improve the economy and the welfare of society through non-formal education programs. Formal education helped in the abrogation of slavery and slave trade in Africa as well as, killing of twin children in the eastern Nigeria, (Manson 1992) cited also in the work, education helped the black race in South Africa to abolish apartheid policy in their country an obliterated colonialism in the whole world. According to organization for economic co-operation and development (OECD 1996), formal education has contributed in production in Denmark by helping the people with educational qualification and skills to produce more goods and services and enhance their knowledge of the Danish system of innovation. In drugs and medicine production addict countries like china, Japan, India, U.S.A etc formal education has a great effect on them as well as production of telecommunication equipment (Hansen, 1993). The researchers therefore want to find out how much the same formal education has effected the community development in Oredo Local Government, Edo State