DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AC VOLTMETER USING COMPUTER INTERFACE

Department: ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

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ABSTRACT


Voltage is a fundamental quantity that is important in every phase of electrical engineering from power system to voltage inside VLSI chips. Of The need to measure the output voltage of a supply is very important meanwhile, The voltmeter is an instrument for measuring voltage, it could be digital or Direct voltage, meanwhile, the rectification process of the alternating voltage using diode, make, it more possible for ac voltages to be measured.
However, the need for modernization makes it necessary to use computer to view the output of the voltage in either graphical or numerical form. Chapter one introduces the topic captioned “Ac voltmeter design and construction. Using computer interface” Chapter two is on the literature review of the work, whereby all the works of inventors who in one way or the other contributed to the improving of the voltmeter were reviewed. Chapter three is on the components used to make the project workable. Chapter four speaks on the design of project, the mode of operation, while chapter five which is the last chapter, is on the conclusion and the recommendation on the project as well as the books and other sources of the information.


CHAPTER 1


CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
A voltmeter is an instrument that measures voltages of either direct or alternating electric current on a scale usually graduated in volts millivolts (0.00V) or kilovolts (1000 volts) the typing commercial or laboratory standard voltmeter in use is likely to employ an electromechanically mechanism in which current flows. Through turns of wire is translated into a reading of voltage. Other types of voltmeter which use electrostatic forces and these are only voltmeters to measure voltage direct rather than by the effect of current. The potentiometer operates by comparing the voltage to be measured with known voltage. It is used to measure very low voltages the electronic voltmeter which has largely replaced the vacuum – tube voltmeter, uses amplification or reification (or both) to measure either alternating or direct – current voltages the current needed to activate the meter movement is not taken from the circuit being measured, hence this type of instrument does not introduce errors of circuit leading.
However, the growth in technology, it has necessitated the use of computer for controlling the output of the voltmeter. Whereby, the display of the voltage being read is being viewed from the monitor. His kind of display could be either graphical or numerical, but the most popular type is that of numerical display, this is achieved by a series of switching actions of a micro controller, whereby the internal flow at the analog inputs.
Meanwhile, one cannot freely talk about the computer controlled ac voltmeter, without first discussing the Analog is digital (AD) converter which has many degrees of complexity associated with testing an (A/D) converter, one of the simplest tests is to apply a known analog input voltage to the converter and use LEDS to display the resulting digital output code.
VOLTMETERS
Ac electromechanical meter movement comes in two basic arrangements. Those based on Dc movement designed and those engineered for ac use. Permanent – magnet moving coil (pmmc) meter movement will not work correctly if directly connected to alternating current, because the direction ofneele movement will change with each half cycle of the AC.

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