CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1         BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Food is of paramount importance to the survival, and growth of every human being.
The relationship between health and food cannot be over emphasized, the consumption of unwholesome food has caused so much havoc globally, it is an indisputable fact that human lives are lost or maimed daily because of intake of contaminated food or food prepared with addictives and chemicals that are injurious to health.
Food security exists when all people at all time have access to safe nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life (F A O 1996).
The main goal of food security is for individual to be able to obtain adequate food needed at all times and to be able to utilize the food multi – faceted.
Uko Aviomoh and salami (2000) stated that food security is the ability of every citizen in a given country to have regular access to enough food to meet up the daily nutritional requirement for healthy and productive life.
Idachaba (2004) also stated that food security exists when all people at all times have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their daily needs for a nation to be food se3cyred, the following evident must be noted.
1.            Suitable Agriculture methods which produce plants and animals food of high nutritive value.    
2.            Economic situation which makes it possible to produce the necessary food at a cheaper rate and available to all.
3.            Controlled industrial procedures
4.            The conscientious and informed home – maker to manage.
The world bank (2000) identified three pillars that can be under lined in planning food security.  These are:
Food Availability
Food Accessibility and
Food Utilization.
Food is the most primary need that man cannot do without by doing they make do with this food in order to achieve a healthy and progressive living. It primarily that human body requires for the transmission of food borne disease and toxicants, which invariably threatens public health.
Disease caused by contraindicated food constitutes one of the most wide, spread and worrisome health problems of the contemporary world. It has personal, national and global socio – economic consequence. As the saying goes a healthy nation is a prosperous nation.