CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Migration is a universal phenomenon. It had been a daily routine from time immemorial till this present time. Migration is the movement of individual or group from one location to the other. Rural-migration is the movement of individual group of people from one country–side to a particular geographical rural /urban area (Della Summers 2000).
Previous research as documented the devastating effect of out-migration on rural communities. In this process, young highly skilled migrants leave rural area that offer little opportunity, migrating to urban and suburban areas. Their out migration leaves behind an older, less educated and low skilled community that struggles to meet increased social-service needs with shrinking tax base (Cushing, 2000). The migration pattern of the poor, coupled with the out-migration of the non-poor, exacerbated poverty rates in poor countries.
Nigeria’s concern and desire to do something about rural urban migration stems from the unprecedented rapid growth of the urban population which is believed to had result from the rapid influx of migrants from rural areas. In–migrants are blamed for swelling population for beyond the towns economic capacity thus, creating urban problems such as unemployment successive Nigerian government have planned and executed several projects ranging from farm settlements in rural areas to development of new, smaller, satellite towns to divert migration from the more crowded, large towns (Markiwa, 2004).
1.2STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS  
Migration is an inevitable phenomenon. It has negative and positive impact on both rural and urban communities. The migrants from the rural communities posses lot of problems on the urban communities. Most of these problems are:
i.            Congestion in population: Due to over concentration of people in a particular area which create problem for the government to execute its plan effectively for its residents or citizens of a particular area.
ii.          Poverty: Over concentration of migrants in a particular local area without proper documentation or records from government can reduce the standard of living of the people because there is increase in the population against government plans.
iii.        Crime: Migrants who leave their homes hoping to get a good job in other communities ends up being disappointed as a result of unemployment and at the end get involve in one criminal activities or the other, in other to make ends meet.
iv.         Illiteracy: Migration is also a bane to educational system. School age migrants who migrate to another community posed problem to their education in the sense that the facilities might not be able to accommodate more population of students–migrants who are aspiring to further their educational carrier.